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The distribution of income for Dismal is as follows: The distribution of income for Dismal is as follows:   If the poverty rate in Dismal is 50 percent, what is the poverty line in Dismal? A) $10,000. B) $20,000. C) $30,000. D) $40,000. If the poverty rate in Dismal is 50 percent, what is the poverty line in Dismal?


A) $10,000.
B) $20,000.
C) $30,000.
D) $40,000.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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What is one argument made by proponents of in-kind transfers over cash payments to the needy?

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In-kind payments ens...

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Scenario 20-7 Zooey is a single mother of two young children whose husband died in a tragic car accident. She earns $20,000 per year working as a cashier at a grocery store. The government uses a negative income tax system in which Taxes owed = (1/4 of income) - $15,000. -Refer to Scenario 20-7. Does Zooey owe or receive money from the government? How much?

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She receiv...

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Table 20-14 Income Inequality in the United States The values in the table reflect the percentages of pre-tax-and transfer income. Table 20-14 Income Inequality in the United States The values in the table reflect the percentages of pre-tax-and transfer income.   Source: US Census Bureau -Refer to Table 20-14. In percentage terms, how much less income did the bottom 40% of families have in 2010 than in 1980? Source: US Census Bureau -Refer to Table 20-14. In percentage terms, how much less income did the bottom 40% of families have in 2010 than in 1980?

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Table 20-13 Distribution of Income in Imagination Table 20-13 Distribution of Income in Imagination   -Refer to Table 20-13. The Human Development Report computes a measure of inequality by dividing the income of the richest 10% of the population by the income of the poorest 10%. If the value for this measure of inequality in the US is 15.9 and the value for India is 8.6, how does Imagination compare to these two nations? -Refer to Table 20-13. The Human Development Report computes a measure of inequality by dividing the income of the richest 10% of the population by the income of the poorest 10%. If the value for this measure of inequality in the US is 15.9 and the value for India is 8.6, how does Imagination compare to these two nations?

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Imagination has a mo...

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The ancient Greek philosopher, Plato, concluded that in an ideal society the income of the richest person


A) would be equal to the income of the poorest person.
B) would be no more than four times the income of the poorest person.
C) would be reflective of the effort put forth by that person.
D) would be taxed at a higher rate than the income of the poorest person.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Of the following groups, which group is least likely to live in poverty - whites, blacks, Hispanics, Asians?

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Assume that the government proposes a negative income tax that calculates the taxes owed as follows: Taxes Owed = (1/3 Assume that the government proposes a negative income tax that calculates the taxes owed as follows: Taxes Owed = (1/3   Income)  - 10,000. If a family doesn't earn any income, how does the negative income tax affect it? A) It will receive an income subsidy of $1,000. B) It will receive an income subsidy of $3,000. C) It will receive an income subsidy of $10,000. D) It will not be affected at all, since the negative income tax requires a family to earn income. Income) - 10,000. If a family doesn't earn any income, how does the negative income tax affect it?


A) It will receive an income subsidy of $1,000.
B) It will receive an income subsidy of $3,000.
C) It will receive an income subsidy of $10,000.
D) It will not be affected at all, since the negative income tax requires a family to earn income.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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People have their highest saving rates when they are


A) retired.
B) middle-aged.
C) married with young children.
D) young and single.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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For which of the following programs can a person qualify solely by having a low income?


A) both Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
B) Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) but not Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
C) Supplemental Security Income (SSI) but not Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
D) neither Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) nor Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Table 20-10 Table 20-10   *A Gini coefficient is a commonly used measure of income inequality, with values between 0 and 1 (0 corresponds to perfect equality whereby everyone has exactly the same income, and 1 corresponds to perfect inequality where one person has all the income, while everyone else has zero income) . Source: The World Bank -Refer to Table 20-10. Which of the following statements is correct? A) Latvia has the most unequal distribution of income. B) France has a more equal distribution of income than Italy. C) Sweden has the most equal distribution of income. D) All of the above are correct. *A Gini coefficient is a commonly used measure of income inequality, with values between 0 and 1 (0 corresponds to perfect equality whereby everyone has exactly the same income, and 1 corresponds to perfect inequality where one person has all the income, while everyone else has zero income) . Source: The World Bank -Refer to Table 20-10. Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Latvia has the most unequal distribution of income.
B) France has a more equal distribution of income than Italy.
C) Sweden has the most equal distribution of income.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The poverty rate is a measure of the percentage of people whose incomes fall below


A) a relative level of income.
B) an absolute level of income.
C) the median income for a family of three.
D) the bottom 20 percent of the income distribution.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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When we examine historical data on income inequality in the U.S., we see that the distribution of income gradually became


A) more equal between 1935 and 2011.
B) more equal between 1935 and 1973, but that trend reversed itself between 1973 and 2011.
C) more unequal between 1935 and 1973, but that trend reversed itself between 1973 and 2011.
D) more unequal between 1935 and 2011.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The only qualification to receive government assistance under a negative income tax is


A) pre-school children.
B) to be enrolled in job training.
C) a working head-of-household.
D) a low income.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Explain how a "leaky bucket" can be used to illustrate the utilitarian argument that governments should not attempt to completely equalize individual incomes.

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Utilitarians reject complete equalizatio...

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Which of the following statements is not correct?


A) Two key elements of welfare reform are work requirements and limiting the time that recipients can receive benefits.
B) The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is very similar to a negative income tax.
C) Minimum wage laws will likely increase unemployment.
D) The elderly are more likely to be poor than single mothers.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Table 20-3 The Distribution of Income in Edgerton Table 20-3 The Distribution of Income in Edgerton   -Refer to Table 20-3. According to the table, what percent of families in Edgerton have income levels at or above $76,000? A) 80 percent B) 60 percent C) 50 percent D) 40 percent -Refer to Table 20-3. According to the table, what percent of families in Edgerton have income levels at or above $76,000?


A) 80 percent
B) 60 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 40 percent

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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According to a study by Michael Cox and Richard Alm, consumption per person in the richest 20% of households was only 2.1 times consumption per person in the poorest 20% of households.

A) True
B) False

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The distribution of income for Inequalia is as follows: The distribution of income for Inequalia is as follows:   If the poverty rate in Inequalia is 25 percent, what is the poverty line in Inequalia? A) $5,000 B) $10,000 C) $15,000 D) $20,000 If the poverty rate in Inequalia is 25 percent, what is the poverty line in Inequalia?


A) $5,000
B) $10,000
C) $15,000
D) $20,000

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Whether or not policymakers should try to make our society more egalitarian is largely a matter of


A) economic efficiency.
B) political philosophy.
C) egalitarian principles.
D) enhanced opportunity.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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