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Which of the following statements is not correct?


A) If GDP is rising faster than debt, the government is, in some sense, living within its means.
B) The ratio of debt to GDP in the United States has always been less than one.
C) Debts during wars may distribute the burden of fighting the war more evenly across generations.
D) During times of peace in the United States, the ratio of debt to GDP sometimes rose.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Suppose Sarah Lee Corporation stock has a P/E ratio of 8. This P/E ratio is relatively


A) low, indicating that buyers may expect earnings to rise.
B) low, indicating that buyers may expect earnings to fall.
C) high, indicating that buyers may expect earnings to rise.
D) high, indicating that buyers may expect earnings to fall.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Figure 26-4. On the horizontal axis of the graph, L represents the quantity of loanable funds in billions of dollars. Figure 26-4. On the horizontal axis of the graph, L represents the quantity of loanable funds in billions of dollars.   -Refer to Figure 26-4. Regard the position of the Supply curve as fixed, as on the graph. If the real interest rate is 4 percent, the inflation rate is 2 percent, and the market for loanable funds is in equilibrium, then the position of the demand-for-loanable-funds curve must be A)  D<sub>1</sub>. B)  D<sub>2</sub>. C)  between D<sub>1</sub> and D<sub>2</sub>. D)  to the left of D<sub>1</sub>. -Refer to Figure 26-4. Regard the position of the Supply curve as fixed, as on the graph. If the real interest rate is 4 percent, the inflation rate is 2 percent, and the market for loanable funds is in equilibrium, then the position of the demand-for-loanable-funds curve must be


A) D1.
B) D2.
C) between D1 and D2.
D) to the left of D1.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The two most important financial markets are the _____ market and the _____ market.

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bond, stoc...

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Figure 26-4. On the horizontal axis of the graph, L represents the quantity of loanable funds in billions of dollars. Figure 26-4. On the horizontal axis of the graph, L represents the quantity of loanable funds in billions of dollars.   -Refer to Figure 26-4. Which of the following events could explain a shift of the demand-for-loanable-funds curve from D<sub>1</sub> to D<sub>2</sub>? A)  The tax code is reformed to encourage greater saving. B)  The tax code is reformed to encourage greater investment. C)  The government starts running a budget deficit. D)  The government starts running a budget surplus. -Refer to Figure 26-4. Which of the following events could explain a shift of the demand-for-loanable-funds curve from D1 to D2?


A) The tax code is reformed to encourage greater saving.
B) The tax code is reformed to encourage greater investment.
C) The government starts running a budget deficit.
D) The government starts running a budget surplus.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Volume, as reported in stock tables, refers to the


A) number of shares traded.
B) percentage of shares outstanding traded.
C) number of shares traded times the price they sold at.
D) number of shares of a company traded divided by the shares of all companies traded.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Suppose the government changed the tax laws, with the result that people were encouraged to consume more and save less. Using the loanable funds model, a consequence would be


A) lower interest rates and lower investment.
B) lower interest rates and greater investment.
C) higher interest rates and lower investment.
D) higher interest rates and higher investment.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The slope of the supply of loanable funds curve represents the


A) positive relation between the real interest rate and investment.
B) positive relation between the real interest rate and saving.
C) negative relation between the real interest rate and investment.
D) negative relation between the real interest rate and saving.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following restrictions implies that saving and investment are equal for a closed economy?


A) Private saving is equal to zero.
B) Public saving is equal to zero.
C) The economy's government is running neither a surplus nor a deficit.
D) No restriction is necessary; saving and investment are equal for all closed economies.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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A mutual fund


A) is a financial market where small firms mutually agree to sell stocks and bonds to raise funds.
B) is funds set aside by local governments to lend to small firms who want to invest in projects that are mutually beneficial to the firm and community.
C) sells stocks and bonds on behalf of small and less known firms who would otherwise have to pay high interest to obtain credit.
D) is an institution that sells shares to the public and uses the proceeds to buy a selection of various types of stocks, bonds, or both stocks and bonds.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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If the nominal interest rate is 7 percent and the rate of inflation is 3 percent, then the real interest rate is


A) 7 percent.
B) 4 percent.
C) 3 percent.
D) 10 percent.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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If people become less optimistic about the future earnings of Hyde Park Jazz Studio, then the price of the company's stock will fall.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 26-4. On the horizontal axis of the graph, L represents the quantity of loanable funds in billions of dollars. Figure 26-4. On the horizontal axis of the graph, L represents the quantity of loanable funds in billions of dollars.   -Refer to Figure 26-4. Regard the position of the Supply curve as fixed, as on the graph. If the real interest rate is 8 percent, the inflation rate is 3 percent, and the market for loanable funds is in equilibrium, then the position of the demand-for-loanable-funds curve must be A)  D<sub>1</sub>. B)  D<sub>2</sub>. C)  between D<sub>1</sub> and D<sub>2</sub>. D)  to the right of D<sub>2</sub>. -Refer to Figure 26-4. Regard the position of the Supply curve as fixed, as on the graph. If the real interest rate is 8 percent, the inflation rate is 3 percent, and the market for loanable funds is in equilibrium, then the position of the demand-for-loanable-funds curve must be


A) D1.
B) D2.
C) between D1 and D2.
D) to the right of D2.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Midwestern corporation issues bonds. Southern corporation issues stock. Which corporation used equity financing?


A) both Midwestern corporation and Southern corporation
B) Midwestern corporation but not Southern corporation
C) Southern corporation but not Midwestern corporation
D) neither Midwestern nor Southern corporation

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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We would expect the interest rate on Bond A to be lower than the interest rate on Bond B if the two bonds have identical characteristics except that


A) Bond A was issued by a financially weak corporation and Bond B was issued by a financially strong corporation.
B) Bond A was issued by the Exxon Mobil Corporation and Bond B was issued by the state of New York.
C) Bond A has a term of 1 year and Bond B has a term of 5 years.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The bond market


A) is a financial market, whereas the stock market is a financial intermediary.
B) is a financial intermediary, whereas the stock market is a financial market.
C) is a financial market, as is the stock market.
D) is a financial intermediary, as is the stock market.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the two bonds in each example would you expect to generally pay the higher interest rate? Explain why. a. a U.S. government bond or a Venezuelan government bond b. a U.S. government bond or a municipal bond with the same term and issued by a creditworthy municipality. c. a 6-month Treasury bill or a 20-year Treasury bond d. a Microsoft bond or a bond issued by a new recording company

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a. The Venezuelan government bond would ...

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As an alternative to selling shares of stock as a means of raising funds, a large company could, instead,


A) invest in physical capital.
B) use equity finance.
C) sell bonds.
D) purchase bonds.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following policy changes would lead to a decrease in the real interest rate and an increase in investment and saving?


A) a larger investment tax credit
B) an expansion of eligibility for Individual Retirement Accounts
C) an increase in income-tax rates, with no change in the government budget deficit or surplus
D) an increase in government purchases, with no change in taxes

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Use the following table to answer the following questions. Table 26-2 Use the following table to answer the following questions. Table 26-2    -Refer to Table 26-2. Which company had the lowest dollar dividend per share? A)  Boeing Co. B)  Eli Lilly and Co. C)  Kraft D)  Kellogg Co. -Refer to Table 26-2. Which company had the lowest dollar dividend per share?


A) Boeing Co.
B) Eli Lilly and Co.
C) Kraft
D) Kellogg Co.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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